(See pgs. 22, 43, & 75.)
BOX 25
A conjunction (connector) connects
nouns, phrases, and clauses.
Some of the most common
are
:
y-e
(and),
si
(if),
o
(or),
pero
(but),
and
porque
(because).
CONJUNCTIONS
The -
e
(and)
is used before nouns
beginning with
–i
or
–hi.
thoughts and ideas – pensamientos e ideas
sons and daughters – hijos e hijas
240
HAY – HAY QUE
BOX 23
Hay Que
It is necessary
can be written in two ways.
Es necesario estudiar or Hay que estudiar.
Hay
Hay
can be translated two ways—
there is (there’s)
or
there are
.
There is a tiger. Hay un tigre. (singular)
There are tigers. Hay tigres. (plural)
BOX 26
CONMIGO--CONTIGO
(See page 263.)
He goes with me.
He goes with you.
In Spanish,
when
mí
and
ti
are followed
by
con (with),
the words become
conmigo
and
contigo.
con + mí = conmigo (with me)
con + ti = contigo (with you)
Él va conmigo.
Él va contigo.
Possession
In English the apostrophe is used
to show possession.
In Spanish the apostrophe doesn’t exist.
the doctor’s office
the doctors’ offices
la oficina del doctor (singular)
las oficinas de los doctores (plural)
Literal translation
: the office of the doctor (singular)
the offices of the doctors (plural)
BOX 27
APOSTROPHE
In English
an infinitive is a
verb that begins with
to.
to talk
In Spanish it is a verb
that ends in
ar
,
er
, or
ir
.
hablar, comer, vivir
INFINITIVES
(See pages 229 & 239.)
BOX 24
Grammar
Gramática
Contents
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